Fig. 4From: Evidence of population expansion and insecticide resistance mechanism in invasive fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda)Mismatch distribution plot of FAW population. Mismatch distribution analysis of the Spodoptera frugiperda mt-DNA combined dataset from four geographical group’s viz., America (A), Africa (B), Asia-II (C) and India (D). The vertical axis represents the frequency, whereas the horizontal axis shows the number of pairwise differences. The dotted line represents the expected distributions for a population, and the bar chart represents the observed distribution for eachBack to article page