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Fig. 1 | BMC Biotechnology

Fig. 1

From: Characterization of metabolic responses, genetic variations, and microsatellite instability in ammonia-stressed CHO cells grown in fed-batch cultures

Fig. 1

Cell growth, ammonia, titer and metabolic profiles for CHO K-1 VRC01 cells cultured in duplicate in the ambr® 250 bioreactor. The ammonia stresses (10 mM and 30 mM) were added at 12 h. Samples for genomic analysis were harvested at 84 h (3.5 days) as shown by the solid grey line. a Viable cell density (VCD) and viability (filled and hollow symbols, respectively), b ammonia, c alanine, d glucose, e lactate, f titer of recombinant monoclonal antibody, g glutamine, h glutamate, and i Cell specific productivity (qp). Due to low levels of the recombinant protein in culture prior to day 5, the qp value is not shown until a significant titer has been reached. In industry, it is common to only measure titers starting at day 7. Control - 0 mM (blue and purple lines); 10 mM (orange and red lines); 30 mM (green and dark green lines)

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