Fig. 6From: Recombinant PAL/PilE/FlaA DNA vaccine provides protective immunity against Legionella pneumophila in BALB/c miceThe production levels of cytokines from splenocytes extracted from mice at 16 h after a lethal challenge with Legionella pneumophila. The supernatants of splenocytes were collected after culture for 12, 24, 48, and 72 h. The levels of TNF-α (a), IFNγ (b), IL-12 (c), IL-4 (d), and IL-10 (e) were determined by ELISA kits. All data were expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3). ***P < 0.001 versus the L.p-pcDNA3.1 groupBack to article page